Tabbara+SS+C+-+Ji+Soo

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media type="custom" key="6114359" =The Renaissance= Assignment #3. media type="custom" key="6267683"

=The Middle Ages=

Assignment #9 1. What was the bubonic plague and what were the symptoms? The bubonic plague struck western Eurasia in the mid-1300s. A person might have severe chills, fever, convulsions, and vomiting. Also, some symptoms were dark spots on their skin and swollen glands. 2. How did the plague travel from Asia to Europe? The plague traveled from Asia to Europe by rats carrying infected fleas with merchants along trade routes. Also by a trading ship, it brought the disease to Italy. 3. Describe the widespread effects of the bubonic plague. The bubonic plague caused massive loss of life in many countries like Asia, North Africa, and Europe. 20 to 30 million people died in year 1400. Wars were shortly stopped and trade declined. Also, some landowners were effected by a shortage of labor. Higher wages weakened feudalism because workers began to travel in search of higher wages. Jews were driven out of German towns because they were accused of causing the plague by poisoning water wells. Christians thought that the plague was punishment from god and the Muslims thought that God had given out the plague as a test in their faith.

Assignment #5. Kitchens- More than 300 people lived in castle and cooks had to provide food to them. In the main kitchen, dairy food and breads were made. Breads were important in Middle Ages because it was mostly eaten instead of plates. Chapel- Priest who can read and write is charge of this place. People like pages will visit here to learn how to read and write. Royal Apartments- Unlike other places, this place was built with great care. It has windows that gives light to apartments and water on tap. The king visited this place very often. Great Hall- This place is where people gathered and held feasts for Christmas or other special occasions. Also, the great hall served importance to the castle. It was also used as a court and a place to sleep. Kennels- Kennel was a place where the people looked for dogs. Kennel boy lived in the kennels looking after dogs. He also slept in this place.


 * Assignment #2.**

1. Since these barbarian tribes were in the "Dark Ages", do you think they were friendly towards each other? Why or why not? No, It think the barbarian tribes were not friendly towards each other because they all wanted to take over some parts of lands which led to constant battle between them. 2. Name two tribes and the modern European nations (or parts of modern nations) they used to control. Ostrogoths used to control Italy. Franks controlled France. 2. One of the tribes we didn't study was called the Merovingians. Who were the Merovingians? (Use source 1 to answer this question.) Merovingians are Germanic tribes that settled in homes and tried to help build up the civilization. 3. Who was Clovis and why was his conversion to Christianity important in history? (Use source 2) Clovis is Merovingians King and his conversion to Christianity is important in history because it defended the Christianity against invading Muslims.

1. What is considered the beginning of the Middle Ages? The Dark Ages is considered the beginning of the Middle Ages. 2. What is the Latin name for the Middle Ages? The Latin name for the Middle Ages is medieval. 3. Why do you think the Middle Ages are often called the "__**Dark**__ Ages"? What was the only hope for people during these difficult times? The Middle Ages are often called the Dark Ages because the life in the Middle Ages was very hard. Their strong belief in Christianity was their only hope. 4. While Europe was in the "Dark Ages", what was happening in the rest of the world? The rest of the world was flourishing. 5. How long did the "Dark Ages" last and what year did they end? The Dark Ages lasted about 700 years and they ended about 1450. 6. What does Renaissance mean and what happened during this time? Renaissance means rebirth and literacy spread, scientists achieved great discoveries, and artists created work during this period of time.
 * Assignment #1.**

Civilizations of the Americas
Assignment #14. Now that we are finished learning about civilizations of the Americas, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about the Aztecs, Mayas, and Incas. Please complete these sentences **clearly** and with **specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. 1. The single most important thing I learned was that three civilizations developed many achievements such as calendar, mathematics, and musical instrument. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was the codex and how the Aztec recorded their daily life. 3. What surprised me the most was that Inca adapted well to the harsh environment. 4. I would like to know more about how Incans were able to do terrace farming. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was the sacrifice for the sun god in Aztec civilization.

Assignment #13. Final Project_Ji-Soo Ryu media type="custom" key="5790235"

Assignment #11. 1. **What food did your group produce?** Our group produced potatoes. 2. **What happened to the food in each group?** We had to give half of our food to join to the Inca civilization. 3. **Why do you think some groups accepted Inca demands?** Some groups accepted Inca demands because they wanted to survive. 4. **What were the disadvantages to a group that resisted Inca rule?** The disadvantages to a group that resisted Inca rule are that they are forcefully conquered and some were killed by them. 5. T**he Inca empire was very large (see map above). What groups in the empire would most likely succeed in resisting?** Groups that have strong armies or great skills for negotiating would most likely to succeed in resisting. 6. **How did the Inca leadership style help expand and maintain the empire?** The Inca leadership style help expand and maintain the empire by not forcefully attacking them and taking over their lands. Also by doing this, people were able to be survive and be happy.

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Assignment #9. media type="custom" key="5495963" Assignment #7. media type="custom" key="5421695"

Assignment #6. Perspective 1: The world will end in 2012. Explanation: The people predict that there will be electrical failures and satellite disruptions in 2010 which will lead to world end. Source: []

Perspective 2: The world won't end in 2012. Explanation: Not a single Mayan scholar has taken Arguelles' theories about 2012 seriously. Source: [|http://www.miradaglobal.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1225:iterminara-el-mundo-en-2012&catid=31:temas&Itemid=20〈=en]

Perspective 3: Christian perspective about the world end. Explanation: The world would be reborn. Source:[| http://oneinjesus.info/2007/10/27/the-new-perspective-the-end-of-the-world-as-we-know-it-the-second-coming]

Assignment #5. 1. How much did the ball used in “the ball game” weigh? The ball could weigh as much as 8 pounds. 2. What sometimes made up the core of the ball? Human skulls sometimes made up the core of the ball. 3. Give two other Mesoamerican uses of rubber. Mesoamerican used rubber for shoes and containers. 4. What did the Europeans of the time make balls from? The Europeans used balls made of leather. 5. How did Mesoamericans make the balls harder/bouncier? Mesoamericans mixed Morning Glories (flowers) with rubber to make the ball harder/bouncier. 6. What is raw rubber called? Raw rubber is called latex. 7. Draw a label diagram (with gear explanation) of a properly dressed ballplayer. 8. What shape was the ball court? The ball court was shaped like capital letter "I". 9. What were the three parts of the court and their purpose? The four parts of the court were playing alley, wall, bench, and end zones. Playing alley is the field where the teams played the game. The steep stone wall allowed players to keep in play. Bench is a flat surface and it was often decorated with illustrating scene of human sacrifice. End zones are end parts of the playing alley. 10. Did women play the game? We're not sure if women played the game. Figures of women ballplayers have been discovered, but who or what they represented remains a mystery. 11. What happened to the losers of a ball game? The losers of a ball game were sacrificed. 12. Sketch (in your notebook) “the loser” and “the priests” from the stone relief at El Tajin. 13. How do you say “the ballplayer” in Mayan? "The ballplayer" in Mayan is "Ah Pitzlaw" 14. How old is this sport? This sport is 3,500 years old. 15. List and briefly explain five similarities between the ballgame and our modern athletic events. Devoted fans, sports arenas, local rivalry, half-time shows, and gambling were similarities. The interest in the player and the game became necessary for fans. There is specific place for large group of people to watch the game. A warlike competition grows between teams. Music was part of the game. The people gamble on their teams or who would win. 16. What do we learn about Mesoamericans from the model? From the model, we can learn how the people interacted with each other, way they spent their time, and what people wore. 17. Where were courts built? Courts were built in villages. 18. How can we tell that spectators enjoyed themselves? We cant tell that spectators enjoyed themselves because people had arms around each other and appears to be very interested in the game. 19. How many players were on each team? There are three players on each team. 20. What did they hit the ball with? They hit the ball with their hips. 21. Were the losers always killed? The losers weren't always killed.

Assignment #4. Ji-Soo Ryu: Explorer Journal

Assignment #3.

This website is a primary source because this art was created during the time. [|http://yogini.files.wordpress.com/2007/10/mayan-pyramid.jpg] This is an example of primary source because this pyramid was built during the time. This is a secondary source because the information is created after the time. [|http://www.authenticmaya.com/maya_culture.htm] This website is a secondary source because it is written after the Mayan civilization.
 * Primary Sources**: []
 * Secondary Sources**: [|http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~shale/humanities/literature/world_literature/classprojects/mexico/maya.html]

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The Islamic Empire Assignment #9 1. The single most important thing I learned was about Muhammad and how he spread Islam. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was the four caliphs. 3. Something that surprised me the most was that it is against the religion to show Muhammad's image. 4. I would like to know more about Muhammad's early life. 5. The part that I think I will always remember is how Islam appealed to many different people. 6. Before learning about Muslims, I was thinking of terrorism. However after learning about them, they are one of the holiest followers of Islam.

The Islamic Empire Assignment #7 2. Omar Khyayyam || 1. borrowed arabic numbering system, and wrote the first book about algebra 2. created a very accurate calendar using math and astronomy || 1. We still use this numbering system today. 2. we still use calendars and learn geometry || 2. Ibn Sina || 1.identified and described smallpox and measles 2. Wrote the Canon of Medicine and it explains all known medical knowledge. || 1. helpful to modern day medical caring 2. His work was used as a medical reference for 600 years. || 2. became skilled at calligraphy, the art of fine handwriting || 1. decorated everything from building to armor. || How has the work of these Muslim scientists/scholars influenced our lives today? Be clear and specific in your answer. Your answer must be at least five sentences long.
 * = __Subject/Area__ ||= __Who__ ||= __What did he/they do?__ ||= __Why useful?__ ||
 * Mathematics || 1. al-Khwarizmi
 * Medicine || 1. Al-Razi
 * Art || Muslim Artists || 1. emphasized plants and geometric patterns
 * Astronomy || 1. al-Biruni || 1. determined the direction of Mecca from any point on earth || 1. enabled Muslims to pray while facing Mecca ||
 * Literature || Omar Khayyam || 1. quatrain, a four line poem became popular || Poetry was used as a way to pass on stories of great victories. ||
 * The work of these Muslim scientists/scholars influenced our lives today greatly. For example, al-Khwarizmi borrowed arabic numbering system where we still use these numbering system today. Also Omar Khyayyam created a very accurate calender using math and astronomy. These calendars are still used in today. It is also true for the medicine. Ibn Sina wrote the Canon of Medicine which explains all known medical knowledge. His work was reference for 600 years. If there weren't Muslim scientists or scholars who discovered these, there wouldn't be developed mathematics, medicine, art, astronomy, or literature in modern days.

The Islamic Empire Assignment #6 1. After the death of Uthman, Ali was finally chosen to be caliph but his leadership was also challenged so he was assassinated. This led to the end of system of selecting a caliph. 2. A family known as Umayyads took over and set up a hereditary dynasty which mean the ruler will come from one family and inherit the right to rule. Also they moved capital to Damascus to control the area that they conquered. 3. Arab Muslims were upset because Damascus was too far away from Medina and these actions divided Muslims and raised questions about how to select leaders. 4. Most Muslims followed Umayyads because they wanted peace, the people were called Sunnis. It meant the followers of Muhammad's example. However, Shi'a meaning "party" of Ali believed that caliph should always be a relative of the Prophet (Muhammad). 5. The rulers of Sunnis came from one family and inherit the right to rule to other person. However the Shi'a selected the rulers as a caliph. 6. In 1054 C.E.The Christianity was divided into two parts which were Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church. 7. I think these religions that split into two parts never decide to rejoin each other because they have different set of religion which will lead to another disagreement.

The Islamic Empire Assignment #5 Quote 1- Swine and pork are forbidden to eat unless you speak Allah's name. Pronouncing the name of any being other than Allah will render the slaughter invalid. Quote 2- Women should cover their beauty such as their hair and only show them to their husbands, fathers, sons, brothers and other women. Quote 3- Drinking alcohol and gambling are not allowed to do and these are only to stop you from praying to Alla h. Quote 4- You should only worship one god and be kind to your parents. Even though they gain age, you should always respect them and speak to them with honor. Quote 5- It doesn't matter where you are, so pray wherever you are in the earth.

The Islamic Empire Assignment #4 Journal #1- By 613 A.D., Muhammad started to spread the message that there is only one god. I became one of the faithful followers of Muhammad. Mostly poor people followed Muhammad because one of his message was that poor and rich are equal. Journal #2- However, it wasn't easy for Muhammad and me to spread the idea that there is only one god. The rich Meccans thought that new religion will forbid and limit the people to worship several gods which will hurt economy. Therefore the rich Meccans persecuted the followers and Muhammad. Journal #3- In 622 A.D., the persecution of the followers and Muhammad became brutal and harsh. It was hard for me and other followers to keep their lives. Muhammad decided to move to a safer place, Yathrib, and this great emigration is called Hijrah.

The Islamic Empire Assignment #3 1.Mecca is at the intersection of six trade routes. 2. Copper, incense and perfumes were trades goods produced on the Arabian peninsula. 3. Arabia is good location for trading because it is a crossroads of three continents(Africa, Europe, and Asia) and it is a peninsula, so it is mostly surrounded by bodies of water. 4. So many settlements near Arabia's western coast became trading centers because they were near the sea routes. 5. Oases were important for trade because it became stops along the many trade routes that crossed the peninsula, supplied water, able to rest, and able to trade with different people. 6. The caravans went to Mecca during certain months to bring people to worship at an ancient religious shrine called Ka'aba. 7. Pilgrimage is the journey to a sacred place. 8. So many trade routes developed on the Arabian peninsula because Arabian peninsula is good place to trade because it is surrounded by three continents and also by the water. **
 * Islam Comic-** Ji-Soo Ryu, Erika Kim [[file:Islam Comic-Ji-soo Ryu Erika Kim .mov]]

1. Arabian peninsula has arid climate. It receives little rain but is covered mostly by deserts. 2. Farming is only possible in the southern mountains and north of the peninsula which is now known as Syria and Iraq. 3. Bedouins are Arab herds, and they are nomads who move place to place instead of saying permanently. 4. Bedouins looked for water and grazing lands for their herds. 5. Three things that affect Bedouins routes are the landscape they have to cross, the amount of rainfall, and the availability of oasis. 6. Oasis is a desert area that contains water. Bedouins interact with people who settle at oasis and live a sedentary lifestyle. 7. Clans are groups of people who share common ancestors. 8. Each Bedouins clans has its own unit of government. 9. Since the Bedouins had strong fighting skills, they became the core (main) armies that helped the creation of the Muslim Empire.
 * The Islamic Empire Assignment #2**

It was surprise to me that most of the medication, science started on Islam. Also, the religion they share wasn't exactly same but similar. It was surprise to me because I thought there will be exactly same religion practices but it wasn't. Lastly,when I saw the picture of the girl watching and family going to the market, it was the most surprise to me.
 * The Islamic Empire Assignment #1 **

1. The single most important thing I learned was that the Rome was the strongest in the world. Other countries were conquered by the Romans. All roads led to Rome and if the people were not Romans, they were called as barbarians. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was about the Roman collapse_economical cause. I couldn't understand why the trade declined. 3. What surprised me was Roman emperors. I thought they were mostly good rulers and helped the Romans. However, I learned that there were several emperors like Nero, who did crazy things and made the Romans to suffer. 4. I would like to learn more Rome's military expansion and other people's perspective. In our class we only did 8 people but I want to learn more about the Rome's military expansion and how it helped or hurt Rome. 5. The part that I will always remember was about the christians. The Romans persecuted Christians for 300 years and they were haunted like animals. I would remember this because it was very cruel how the Romans treated Christians.
 * Ancient Rome Assignment #11 (Reflection)**

**Ancient Rome Assignment #10** __**Political Reasons** ( __ government/power) -Many emperor ruled poorly and couldn't control large empire -Conflict between consuls, senates, and emperors -Empire was too big, so it was hard to communicate - Germanic tribes claimed western Roman lands - Invaders conquered parts of Western Rome - Constantine moved Rome's capital to Byzantium (All the power went to Eastern Roman Empire) __**Economic Reasons**__ (money/who has money/trade) -The trade declined -Roman money lost its value -The prices of food rose dramatically -Taxes were high -Money was needed to build new roads __**Social Reasons**__ (people) - Created a huge gap between the rich and the poor -Plebeians rebelled -Patricians gained power - Small farmers couldn't own their lands - The population of poor increased


 * Ancient Rome Assignment #9**

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2. Christianity appealed to the poor because Christians promised life after death in heaven, and also they promised equal opportunity. However, in Roman religion, only gods and emperor went to heaven and others went to the underworld. Also, in Rome, the people weren't equal.=====

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7. Jesus got trouble with Jewish leaders in Israel. They thought Jesus wasn't a son of God. They dislike him going around and telling other people about it. They asked Roman governor to get rid of Jesus. Since they were afraid that Jesus will lead a rebellion against Rome, he ordered his soldiers to hang Jesus from cross until he was dead.=====

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 * 1) 3. In the Roman Empire, they faced internal problems such as economic problems (taxes were too high, poverty),military problems (soldiers became loyal to their own general), and political and social problems. #4. Diocletian tried to solve the empire's problems by dividing the empire into eastern and western parts, put soldiers on the borders so that barbarians can't attack Rome, and he kept prices low for poor people. #5. 476 is considered an important date in Roman history because the Germanic tribes conquered Rome. #6. When Constantine moved empire's capital from Rome to ancient Greek city of Byzantium, it signaled a shift in power from the western part of the empire to the east. #7. The Romans didn't make the Germanic peoples their allies because they were barbarians who was primitive and uncivilized. =====


 * Ancient Rome Assignment #8**

2. Construction: They built roads, bridges, and tunnels that helped tie the empire together. 3. Navy: A strong Roman navy patrolled through the Mediterranean Sea and was able to make its power. 4. Areas of Control: From** __Britain__ **in the North to** __North Africa__ **in the South and from** Spain **in the East to __Mesopotamia__  in the West.
 * 1. Army: Under Augustus, the Roman army became the greatest fighting force in the world. About 300,00 men served in the army, and they guarded the empire frontiers.

5. Trade (three **different **examples)- Roman traders brought back** //olive oil from Spain// **and: a. Grain  from **Egypt
 * b. Wild animals  from **Gaul
 * c. Timber from **Mauretania


 * 6. Currency: Having a common currency across the empire was helpful because the traders could buy and sell without changing to another currency.

Ancient Rome Assignment #5 Part 1 Italia- Italy Africa- Africa Syria- Syria

Part 2  2. I am from a village in the Roman province of Gallia. The Romans were able to conquer because they invaded my territory more than 100 years to build up the huge Roman Empire. They carefully worked out their battle plan, and the Gauls were not well organized. 3. Two consequences of my defeat are that the romans will take my horses and smash my chariot, and I my never see my family again. 4. On the way back to Rome, some of my friends have died because they were chained at the neck and the journey was long and hard. They were the victims of hunger, disease and beatings. 5. In the market, I stand on a platform for everyone to see. The slave-dealer, who buys and sells slaves asks people to call out prices. 6. I will become a 'hairy Gaul' into a civilized Roman gladiator. I could have become a slave that was sent to mining, quarrying, rowing, or farming. Civilized Roman gladiator is better because other work are dangerous. For example, if I do mining, I will never see the daylight again. 7. My favorite person on staff is doctor because while I'm training, I will get injuries and he can help my wounds. 8. I want to be Essedarius because is a gladiator who drives a chariot. 9. The crowd will be entertained by the time I am fighting with the opponent gladiator with a real weapon. 10. I can have a rest when it is midday. 11. I can appeal to the emperor by raising one finger of my left hand. 12. I died by the man dressed as the mythical character Charon, and men drag away the body of the dead and dump me in a pit and the boys rake the sand to over to remove all signs of blood. Ancient Rome Assignment #4

I live in an ancient city-state in North Africa. Rome, a city where is only 300 miles away from my homeland, Carthage, had never liked each other. We controlled three islands off the coast of Italy, and this made Romans to fear. Romans thought that Carthage have to join the republic, but Carthage disagreed. This was the start of the First Punic War.

Roman and Carthage fought for 20 years and nobody won the battle. After end of the First Punic War, we decided to give the island of Sicily, but the Romans took Sardinia and Corsica with it. We were furious but we didn't want to fight with Rome again. Instead, we decided to go to Spain and make lands. The general took his army and me and left for Spain.

When I was in Spain, I learned to be a strong leader. I won the most battles with brilliant ideas. Few years later my dad died, and the soldiers in Spain decided me to be the next general. I was only 26 years old but I didn't hesitate. My first plan was to conquer all of Spain.

Rome declared to attack my hometown and the center of the Carthage Empire. I had never forgotten the promise that I made with my dad which is to revenge Romans. I decided to surprise Romans by attacking from the North. I decided to cross over Alps with 90,000 foot soldiers, 12,000 cavalry, and 37 elephants. I was regretting my plan because half of my army was dead. . When Romans sent soldiers to Carthage, my army lost. This was the end of the Second Punic War.

Ancient Rome Assignment #3  1. Rome did not impose harsh rule on conquered people. The republic offered Roman citizenship to most of them and allowed them to govern themselves. But, the new citizens had to pay taxes and provide soldiers for the Roman army. 2. Romans fought in the Punic Wars with Carthage, a rich trading city in North Africa and was once colony of Phoenicia. 3. Romans won all three Punic Wars but almost lost the second. 4. Hannibal tried to capture Rome in the second Punic War by crossing the Alps with a herd of elephants. 5. Hannibal was forced to return to Carthage because the Roman general, Scipio made a plan to attack Carthage. This plan force Hannibal to return to Africa to defend his native city. 6.In 146B.C.E., Rome captured and destroyed the city. Carthage was set afire and its inhabitants sold into slavery, and the territory of Carthage was made a Roman province. I think the Romans did this in order to protect themselves. If they didn't destroy Carthage the Romans will live in fear because they couldn't know when Carthage will attack them again. 7. The positive effects of the expansion is that the Roman conquerors brought back great wealth and many slaves. They also brought large estates and farmed them with slave labour. However, the negative effects of the expansion is that many small farmers couldn't compete, so they lost their farms. Also, it produced anger and tension between classes and this leads to the overthrow of the republic. **

 //** 1. A patrician was the upper class and a wealthy landowner, which made a The patrician had more power so they could make a law that can affect the patricians. Plebeians took over 95 percent of the population, but didn't have power. Plebeian wasn't allowed to become consuls or senators. Plebeians worked (labors, peasants, etc.) for plebeians. **// 2. Instead of a king, a body of 300 men (Senate) was elected to run the society. They made laws, appoint officials and serve as judges. They also selected two leaders (Consuls) to command the army and run the day-to-day affairs. //** 3. In Rome's republican government, the patricians had more rights than Plebeians. Also, the patricians passed the laws that were only affected to themselves. However, republican government in Korea, the United States, or England make the laws that can be affected to all society. **// //** 4. The Conflict of Orders was a struggle where patricians held most of the political power. The plebeians demanded more political rights for themselves. **// //** 5. The government allowed the plebeians to elect 10 officials(Tribunes of the Plebs.) The Council of Plebs could pass laws that affected all the plebeians and forbid laws that were unfair to Plebs. They had power of saying "Veto" (I forbid.) Also, laws are to be written down so that the patricians cannot change. **//
 * Ancient Rome Assignment #2**
 * Ancient Rome Assignment #1**

1. The Greeks controlled the southern part of Italy. 2. The difference between Rome's geography and Greece's geography is that Greece is mountainious region while Rome is flat. 3. The Mediterrenean Sea helped Rome to have easier trade route and Tiber River was close to Rome which helped to develope Rome by providing water for farming and drinking. Also Mount Alps and Apennines protected Rome. 4. The Romans were able to unify their peninsula because they have more advantage of their geographical feature. The Romans were easier to use ships and trade because they were close to Mediterranean Sea and Tiber River. Also, thier lands are flat. However, Greece is mountainous which was hard to contact. 5. According to Roman mythology, Roman's history starts in 753 B.C. with the legendary figures Romulus and Remus. They were twins but abondoned by their mother and thery are raised by a wolf. They fought for Rome's location. Therefore, Romulus killed his brother. However, the real story is that Latins settled in Rome. 6. 509 B.C.E. was an important date in Roman history becasue the history of Ancient Rome begins with the overthrow of foreign (Etruscan) kings. 7. The terms of republic is a government which citizens elect representatives to rule in their name.